“NASA has released a huge new report that astronomers are calling Hubble’s magnum opus,” says New Atlas.
“A new study analyzes 30 years of data from the famous space telescope to determine how fast the universe is expanding.”
Astronomers have been aware for more than 100 years that our universe is expanding because of the fact that galaxies are distancing themselves from us. And the further away they are from us, the more rapidly they’re moving. The speed at which they’re travelling in relation to the distance between them and Earth is known as the Hubble constant. Measuring this figure was among the main tasks for the satellite with the identical name.
To calculate Hubble’s constant, scientists research distances to objects that are bright and well-known — this way, the more dim they appear, the further away they are from Hubble. For objects that are relatively close to our galaxy, or even in close ones, this function is fulfilled by Cepheids, which are a group of stars that pulse with a predictable pattern. For larger distances, astronomers use what are known as Type Ia supernovae—cosmic explosions that have a clearly defined maximum brightness.
In the new study, researchers have collected and analysed the most extensive catalogue of these objects so that they can make the most exact measurement of the Hubble constant to date. The study was conducted by studying 42 galaxies, which included Cepheids and Type Ia supernovae, as seen with the Hubble telescope during the past 30 years.
“This is what the Hubble Space Telescope was built to do, using the best techniques we know to do it,” stated Adam Riess, lead scientist of the team. “Hubble’s magnum opus is likely this, since it would take another 30 years for him to double this sample size.”
The article explains that these exact observations of the Hubble “constant” now show an apparent discrepancy that indicates “new physics could be at work.”
It’s also the newly developed James Webb Space Telescope that is now analysing the same phenomena with an even greater resolution.
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